Product Description
IP-Quadrature provides high density, cost-effective flexible implementation of four quadrature decoder channels. Channels may also be used as general purpose counters. Four independent channels provide 24-bit resolution, programmable modes, programmable polarity, interrupt capability, differential or single-ended (RS-422 or TTL/CMOS) input, read-on-the-fly capability, and a count frequency of 0 to 10 MHz.
Quadrature encoders are popular sensors that provide accurate, low cost incremental motion sensing. Most commonly, they are shaft encoders that provide 512 to 2048 counts per revolution.
They are also commonly used as linear encoders with resolutions down to 0.005 inch. They are available in nearly any length desired. Most encoders are now optical, using molded assemblies consisting of a pair of LEDs, lenses, photo-sensors, and simple electronics. For rotary motion the assembly senses alternating opaque and clear lines on a rotating wheel. For linear motion the alternating lines may be on a fixed bar and the sensor assembly moves, or vice-versa. The pair of LED and photo-sensors are offset about one-half line width so that direction of motion may be sensed by observing the relative phase of the two outputs. Typical quadrature encoder outputs are a pair of digital logic signals that are nominally 90° out of phase. Some encoders also provide an
“index” pulse output once per revolution to provide absolute position information. Most modern encoders run from +5 volts and provide CMOS/TTL logic outputs and/or RS-422 differential logic outputs. RS-422 is recommended where possible because of its inherent noise immunity and the ability to run long distances. TTL logic levels should normally be restricted to cables less than ten feet in length. Quadrature encoders are available from Hewlett-Packard, US digital, and other sources.
The general purpose input structure permits differential input from line drivers (RS-422 levels) or www.abb-drive.com single-ended logic level input (“TTL”) directly from most sensors. Programmable TTL resistive terminators provide for flexible high-quality signal termination.
There are three inputs per channel. For normal quadrature operation the two quadrature inputs are called X and Y. These inputs are sometimes called A and B lines from encoders. The X and Y inputs are normally driven 90° out of phase. There is also a control input on each channel called Z.
Its function is programmable, but it typically operates, if used, as an index or latch input.
There is a programmable prescaler for each channel that may be set for X1, X2 or X4 operation.
Vectored interrupts are fully supported. Interrupts are individually maskable. Selectable conditions are interrupt on borrow and interrupt on match (compare).
RS-422 differential input lines are normally terminated with 120Ω resistors. Users may remove these socketed resistor networks or replace them with a different value if desired.
Each channel consists of a programmable input section, a 24-bit up/down counter block, a 24-bit capture/match register, and a 24-bit output latch. The output latch permits accurate “on-the-fly” reading of quadrature position values. The capture/match register may be used as either a hardware “capture” register to record exact mechanical position or to provide an interrupt any arbitrary programmable quadrature position value.
The all CMOS design is inherently low power. Up to 16 quadrature channels may be implemented in one host system slot.
Key Features
• Four quadrature decoder channels, independently programmable
• Any channel may also act as a general purpose counter
• 24-bit resolution per channel
• DC to 10 MHz general purpose count rates
• DC to 1.2 MHz quadrature count rates (higher count rate in X1 and X2 modes)
• Counters readable “on the fly”—24-bit output register
• 24-bit register for capture or match interrupt on each channel
• Inputs may be differential or single-ended
• Direct connection to most sensors
• Programmable TTL resistor termination
• Each channel has a programmable control input
• Control input may be used to capture exact position on the fly
• Each channel may be used as a general purpose up/down counter
• Full programmable interrupt support
• Programmable modes; programmable prescaler: 1X, 2X, 4X.
• Individually programmable polarities for Count and Control inputs
• All CMOS
• Up to 16 counter channels per VME slot
Main Features
High-precision decoding of orthogonal signals
Wide operating temperature range for industrial environments
Compact industrial package form factor
Easy integration with compatible systems
Applications
Motion control systems
Position sensing and feedback
Robotics and automation
Industrial machinery
